DXC Essay Writing Topics 2023 For Freshers

India’s Economy

Introduction

Indian economy has seen a major growth in the last few decades. The credit for this boom largely goes to the service sector. Agriculture and associated activities have also been improvised to match the global standards and the export of various food products has seen an upward trend thereby adding to the economic growth. The industrial sector does not lag behind a bit. A number of new large scale as well as small scale industries have been set up in the recent times and these have also proved to have a positive impact on the Indian economy.

Economic Growth of India in Recent Times

During the last year, India suffered from inflation due to the rise in the prices of food items. However, it is recovering from the loss and the economic condition is likely to improve this year.

The Central Statistics Organisation (CSO) has recognized India as one of the fastest growing economy. It has been estimated that if we continue to grow at this rate, we would likely become one of the top three economic powers in the world over the next decade or two.

Factors Aiding Economic Growth

Here are some of the factors responsible for India’s economic growth:

• The Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has increased for many sectors including automobiles, construction and computer software.
• The employment opportunities in many sectors including IT and transport have increased.
• The number of start ups in India is growing and thus creating more business and employment opportunities.
• The industrial sector of the country is prospering. The merchandise exports and imports of India are growing at a good rate.

Conclusion

We have a pool of talented and creative youths who are hard working and ambitious. Our government is also taking initiatives to improve the economic condition of the country by bringing in new opportunities for employment and business. No wonder, our economy is growing at a good pace.

Women Empowerment

Women Empowerment today, has become the most discussed topic around the world. In basic terms, it means to diminish the gender gap and providing equal opportunities and rights to men and women.

In India, women have always been subjected to acts of physical violence and mental tortures since centuries. They are raped, physically assaulted, subjected to mental harassment, killed for dowry, experience workplace discrimination, paid less than men for the same job, not send to school, etc. This suppression of women in all the spheres of life is a major hindrance to the progress of the nation.

Most of the work done by women in India is unpaid and is in the unorganized sector. Women in India constitute 49% of the agriculture workforce though they hold even less than 2% of the land. Almost half of the women in rural India don’t have a bank account in their own name and a few of them have a valuable asset in their name.

Women’s contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in India is at 17%, much lower than the global average of 37%. Nearly 54% of criminal offenses in India involve women and it is also reported that at national capital Delhi, over 90% of women have experienced some kind of physical or sexual offense in public places.

The government of India is making progress by enacting new laws and implementing them, safeguarding the interests of women. The society, as well as other government and private organizations, must come forward to empower women.

Poverty

Poverty refers to a situation in which a person remain underprivileged from the basic necessities of life. In addition, the person does not have an inadequate supply of food, shelter, and clothes. In India, most of the people who are suffering from poverty cannot afford to pay for a single meal a day. Also, they sleep on the roadside; wear dirty old clothes. In addition, they do not get proper healthy and nutritious food, neither medicine nor any other necessary thing.

Causes of Poverty

The rate of poverty in India is increasing because of the increase in the urban population. The rural people are migrating to cities to find better employment. Most of these people find an underpaid job or an activity that pays only for their food. Most importantly, around crores of urban people are below the poverty line and many of the people are on the borderline of poverty.

Besides, a huge number of people live in low-lying areas or slums. These people are mostly illiterate and in spite of efforts their condition remains the same and there is no satisfactory result.

Furthermore, there are many reasons that we can say are the major cause of poverty in India. These causes include corruption, growing population, poor agriculture, the wide gap of rich and poor, old customs, illiteracy, unemployment and few more. A large section of people are engaged in an agricultural activity but the activity pays very less in comparison to the work done by employees.

Also, more population needs more food, houses and money and in the lack of these facilities the poverty grows very quickly. In addition, being extra poor and extra rich also widens the gap between the rich and poor.

Moreover, the rich are growing richer and the poor are getting poorer creating an economic gap that is difficult to fill up.

Effects of Poverty

It affects people living in a lot of ways. Also, it has various effects that include illiteracy, reduced nutrition and diet, poor housing, child labor, unemployment, poor hygiene and lifestyle, and feminization of poverty, etc. Besides, this poor people cannot afford a healthy and balanced diet, nice clothes, proper education, a stable and clean house, etc. because all these facilities require money and they don’t even have money to feed two meals a day then how can they afford to pay for these facilities.

The Solutions for Ending Poverty

For solving the problem of poverty it is necessary for us to act quickly and correctly. Some of the ways of solving these problems are to provide proper facilities to farmers. So, that they can make agriculture profitable and do not migrate to cities in search of employment.

Also, illiterate people should be given the required training so that they can live a better life. To check the rising population, family planning should be followed.
Besides, measures should be taken to end corruption, so that we can deal with the gap between rich and poor.

In conclusion, poverty is not the problem of a person but of the whole nation. Also, it should be deal with on an urgent basis by the implementation of effective measures. In addition, eradication of poverty has become necessary for the sustainable and inclusive growth of people, society, country, and economy.

Unemployment

Unemployment occurs when a person who is actively searching for employment is unable to find work. Unemployment is often used as a measure of the health of the economy. The most frequent measure of unemployment is the unemployment rate, which is the number of unemployed people divided by the number of people in the labor force.

How Unemployment Works

Economic slowdowns are the primary cause of unemployment on a national level. As the economy slows, businesses are forced to cut costs by reducing payroll expenses. For example, the COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in higher employment rates than the Great Recession of 2007–2009 and the Great Depression.9 The history of recessions reveals that they always cause an increase in unemployment rates.

Competition in particular industries or companies can also cause unemployment. Advanced technology, such as computers or robots, cause unemployment by replacing worker tasks with machines.

Jobs outsourcing is also a significant cause of unemployment. It’s especially common in IT, call centers, and human resources.

Those who aren’t in the labor force aren’t considered unemployed. That includes three groups:

People who would like work, but haven’t looked for it in the last month. They include the “marginally attached,” who did look in the past year. They had school, ill health, or transportation problems that kept them from looking in the past month. Others are discouraged workers who don’t believe there are any jobs.
Those who aren’t looking for work, including students, homemakers, and retired people.
Anyone younger than 16 is not included in the labor force, even if they are working.10

The BLS doesn’t count residents of any institution as unemployed, including prisons, jails, mental facilities, and homes for the aged. It also doesn’t count those on active military duty.10
Consequences of Unemployment

The consequences of unemployment for individuals are financially and emotionally destructive. The consequences for the economy also can be harmful if unemployment rises above 5% or 6%. When that many people are unemployed, the economy loses one of its key drivers of growth: consumer spending. Quite simply, workers have less money to spend until they find another job.

Lower consumer spending from unemployed workers reduces business revenue, which forces companies to cut more payroll to reduce their costs. It can become a downward spiral very quickly.

Those who are unemployed long term may find their job skills no longer match the requirements of the new jobs being offered. That’s called structural unemployment. Many who are facing this type of unemployment are 55 or older. They may not be able to get a good job again, despite laws prohibiting age discrimination. They may get part-time or low-paying entry-level jobs to make ends meet, then become unemployed again until they can take early Social Security benefits at age 62.