Quiz – 1

Hydraulic machines firstly convert the energy possessed by water into mechanical energy. Later it can be transformed into electrical energy.

Hydraulic Machine uses the principle of momentum which states that a force is generated which is utilized in a turbine.

Turbines use blades and buckets to alter the direction of water. It is used to change the momentum of water. As momentum changes, force is produced to rotate the shaft of a hydraulic machine.

The energy from the energy of water is also called hydro power. The electric power so obtained is known as hydroelectric power.

The kinetic and potential energies produced are converted to some useful mechanical energy. This part of energy is available to the turbine shaft.

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Hydraulic efficiency is defined as ratio between power given by water to runner of turbine and to the power supplied by water at inlet of the turbine.

Electrical efficiency is ratio of work output and electrical power input to electrical machine but turbine is a hydraulic machine which consists of only mechanical, volumetric and hydraulic efficiencies.

Due to mechanical losses, power available at shaft of turbine is less than power delivered to the runner of turbine. Hence ratio of power at the shaft of turbine and power delivered by water to runner is known as mechanical efficiency.

Overall efficiency is defined as ratio of power available at shaft of turbine to power supplied at the inlet of turbine which is also product of mechanical and hydraulic efficiency.