Quiz – 1

Steel is alloy of iron and carbon. Apart from carbon, a small percent of manganese, sulphur, phosphorous, chrome, nickel, and copper are added to give special properties to steel.

Steel has high strength per unit mass, highly durable, and is reusable. But steel is poor in fire and corrosion resistance, it needs to be protected.

As per IS 800-2007, unit mass of steel is 7850 kg/m³. A steel member with small section which has little self-weight is able to resist heavy loads because steel members have high strength per unit weight.

Poisson’s ratio = transverse strain/axial strain. As per IS 800-2007, Poisson’s ratio of steel is 0.3 in elastic range and it is 0.5 in plastic range.

Structural Steel normally have a carbon content less than 0.6%. Carbon content increases hardness, yield and tensile strength of steel but it decreases ductility and toughness.

Serviceability is related to utility of structure. The structure should perform satisfactorily under service loads, without discomfort to user due to excessive deflection, cracking, vibration, etc. Other considerations of serviceability are durability, impermeability, acoustic and thermal insulation etc.

Analysis refers to determination of axial forces, bending moment, shear force, torsional moments etc. acting on different members of structure due to applied loads and their combinations.

Code suggests the use of any of the following methods for steel structures : (i) elastic analysis, (ii) plastic analysis, (iii) advanced analysis, (iv) dynamic analysis.

Riveting is the method of joining together pieces of metal by inserting ductile metal pins called rivets into holes of pieces to be connected and forming a head at end of rivet to prevent each metal piece from coming out.